一种多尺度稀疏极化敏感阵列及其DOA估计方法

针对单个电磁矢量传感器(SS-EMVS)的孔径受限和传统稀疏阵列无法提供目标极化信息的问题,结合分离式电磁矢量传感器和稀疏阵列,提出了一种由SS-EMVS组成的多尺度稀疏极化敏感阵列。该阵列的阵列单元为1个完整的分离式电磁矢量传感器,沿y轴分布,整个阵列按阵元间距分为2个均匀子阵,而且这2个阵元间距都可以大于入射信号的半波长,从而构造一个多尺度稀疏极化敏感阵列以得到目标波达方向(DOA)的高精度估计值。该阵列结合了SS-EMVS可降低阵元互耦和稀疏阵列可扩大阵列孔径的优点,提高了目标DOA估计精度的同时降低了阵元互耦,并且对噪声也具备较好的鲁棒性。而在算法上,首先利用矢量叉积算法得到目标方向余弦的低精度无模糊估计值;其次根据2个子阵的空域旋转不变性得到目标方向余弦的高精度模糊估计值,针对这些方向余弦的估计值提出了一种多尺度解模糊算法,可得到目标方向余弦的高精度无模糊估计值;最后经过运算得到目标的高精度DOA的估计结果。仿真结果证明了所提阵列和算法的有效性。该阵列可应用于某些空间受限的实际应用场合中,如安装在飞行器上的传感器阵列,从而发挥电磁矢量传感器的单天线多分量的特点,也可以与MIMO雷达进行结合,借助极化信息提高雷达系统的检测性能和目标二维DOA的估计精度。     

Which way is the bookstore? A closer look at the judgments of relative directions task

We present a detailed analysis of a widely used assay in human spatial cognition, the judgments of relative direction (JRD) task. We conducted three experiments involving virtual navigation interspersed with the JRD task, and included confidence judgments and map drawing as additional metrics. We also present a technique for assessing the similarity of the cognitive representations underlying performance on the JRD and map-drawing tasks. Our results support the construct validity of the JRD task and its connection to allocentric representation. Additionally, we found that chance performance on the JRD task depends on the distribution of the angles of participants’ responses, rather than being constant and 90 degrees. Accordingly, we present a method for better determining chance performance.     

基于时标分解的弹性高超声速飞行器智能控制

考虑弹性高超声速飞行器纵向动力学模型，提出了一种基于时标分解的智能控制方法。考虑刚体状态和弹性模态具有不同的时标特性，采用奇异摄动理论进行快慢时标分解，将模型转换为刚体慢变子系统和弹性快变子系统。针对刚体子系统考虑动力学不确定，基于平行估计模型构造表征不确定逼近效果的预测误差，结合跟踪误差给出复合学习控制策略。针对弹性子系统设计自适应滑模控制稳定弹性模态。通过李雅普诺夫稳定性分析可证系统状态一致终值有界。仿真表明所提出的控制方法能够实现刚弹模态的稳定收敛，且具有更高的跟踪精度、更好的学习性能和更快的收敛速度。     

偏心撞击对撞击式喷嘴雾化特性的影响

为研究偏心撞击对撞击式喷嘴雾化特性的影响,建立了求解自燃推进剂冷态射流撞击雾化过程的数值模拟方案,计算了不同偏心度条件下的射流撞击雾化过程。采用树形自适应加密算法直接求解不可压Navier-Stokes方程组,由分段线性的流体体积(VOF)方法对流体界面进行捕捉。结果表明偏心撞击会导致雾场发生偏转,当无量纲偏心度E为1/8时,雾场偏转角度约为9.2°,应控制加工偏差小于该值。随着偏心度的增大,液膜的偏转角度增大,理论推导得到的液膜偏转角度要小于数值计算得到的液膜偏转角度。正心撞击时燃料与氧化剂流强峰值接近,雾场的流强分布呈单峰分布。当发生偏心撞击时,由于燃料与氧化剂部分射流未参与撞击导致流强峰值出现交错,雾场的流强分布呈双峰分布,混合比的空间分布发生较大改变。正心撞击时撞击点下游液滴的速度分布近似呈轴对称分布,而偏心撞击之后的速度分布则呈中心对称分布。偏心撞击导致的射流动量损失使得雾化性能变差,当无量纲偏心度E为1/8时,一甲基肼(MMH)的Sauter平均直径增大约4.8%,四氧化二氮(NTO)的Sauter平均直径增大约5.8%。      

基于PTE的多雷达航迹融合算法

针对杂波背景下的多雷达航迹融合时局部估计误差互协方差矩阵未知的问题，提出基于目标存在概率（PTE）的航迹融合算法，提升了正确航迹率和跟踪精度。首先，通过综合概率数据关联得到单接收站的目标航迹估计集合和对应的目标存在概率。然后，在局部估计误差互协方差矩阵未知的条件下，基于PTE信息提出不带记忆的综合广义凸组合航迹融合算法。进而将前一帧的融合状态进行反馈，提出带记忆的综合广义凸组合航迹融合算法。仿真验证了所提算法的有效性。     

一种开关磁阻电机无位置传感器控制效率优化策略

针对开关磁阻电机(SRM)的简化磁链法只能实现单相导通运行且导通区间固定的缺点,提出了一种结合固定关断角和自适应调节开通角的无位置传感器控制技术。利用曲线拟合关断位置磁链取代传统存储数据表,通过对比实时计算的动态磁链和曲线拟合的静态磁链,确定关断位置信号并估计转速和其他位置。考虑电机阻抗和电感的非线性特点,优化电感最小区域的开通角自调节模型确定导通区间。仿真结果验证了该方案的可行性和正确性,能够实现转子位置的间接检测,电机的运行效率得到进一步优化。     

Heading control strategy assessment for coaxial compound helicopters

The coaxial compound helicopter has two possible strategies for heading control: collective differential and rudder deflection. A flight dynamics model is developed to assess the effect of different heading control strategies. This includes the trim characteristics, steady flight performance,controllability, and manoeuvrability. The trim study demonstrates that heading control strategies are less influential on trim results, and the steady flight performance is also not significantly affected by the heading control strategy adopted. The controllability analysis shows although heading bandwidth and phase delay results at various speeds with different heading control strategies are all satisfied, the control derivative of the collective differential decreases as speed increases, and its heading aggressive agility is degraded into Level 3 in high-speed flight. In addition, using collective differential would lead to severe heading-rolling coupling as forward speed increases. On the contrary, the control derivative and aggressive agility of the rudder deflection is improved with forward speed, and there is no evidence of heading-rolling coupling. Finally, the transient turn MissionTask-Element(MTE) is utilized to investigate the heading manoeuvre characteristics in different heading control strategies, which indicates that the collective differential would add the amplitude of control input and the power consumption during this MTE.     

基于CMPSO算法的永磁同步电机转动惯量识别研究

永磁同步电机(PMSM)是一种具有很强非线性的动态系统,在工业驱动应用中发挥着重要作用。实时辨识转动惯量对于高精度PMSM系统控制和稳定性状态监测具有重要意义,但传统转动惯量识别方法精度较低。在传统离散模型参考自适应理论基础之上,用柯西变异粒子群优化(CMPSO)算法代替待辨识参数自适律设计环节,以实现PMSM转动惯量识别。该转动惯量辨识方法充分利用了CMPSO算法的快速高效收敛性,仿真结果和试验结果表明了可行性、正确性和准确性。     

Establishment of atmospheric weighted mean temperature model in the polar regions

Due to the special geographical location and extreme climate environment, the polar regions (Antarctic and Arctic) have an important impact on global climate change. Atmospheric weighted mean temperature (Tm) is a crucial parameter in the retrieval of precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the zenith wet delay (ZWD) of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal propagation. In this paper, the correlation between weighted mean temperature and surface temperature (Ts) is studied firstly. It is shown that the correlation coefficients between Tm and Ts are 0.93 in the Antarctic and 0.94 in the Arctic. The linear regression Tm model and quadratic function Tm model of the Antarctic and the Arctic are established respectively using the radiosonde profiles of 12 stations in the Antarctic and 58 stations in the Arctic from 2008 to 2015. The accuracies of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model which is a state-of-the-art global Tm model are verified using the radiosonde profiles from 2016 to 2018 in the Antarctic and Arctic. Root Mean Square (RMS) errors of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model in the Antarctic are 3.07 K, 2.87 K and 4.32 K respectively, and those in the Arctic are 3.53 K, 3.38 K and 4.82 K, which indicates that the quadratic function Tm model has a higher accuracy compared to linear regression Tm model, and the accuracies of the two regional Tm models are better than that of GPT2w Tm model in the polar regions. In order to better evaluate the accuracy of Tm in the PWV retrieval, the PWV values of radiosondes are used for comparisons as the reference value. The RMS errors of PWV derived from the two Tm models are similar for 1.28 mm in the Antarctic and 1 mm in the Arctic respectively. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of Tm are analyzed in the polar regions by spectral analysis of Tm data using fast Fourier transform. The results show that the Tm has obvious seasonality and annual periodicity in the polar regions, and the maximum difference between warm season and cold season is about 63 K. After comparing and analyzing the influences of latitude, longitude and elevation on the Tm in the polar regions, it is found that latitude and elevation have a greater influence on the Tm than the longitude. As the latitude and elevation increase, the Tm decreases, and vice versa in the polar regions.     

拓扑数据分析在复杂脑网络分析中的应用

针对复杂脑网络分析中网络结构变化阈值选择中没有公认的标准确定合适阈值这一问题，基于拓扑分析中的持续同调性理论，本文提出一种多尺度大脑网络建模分析方法，该方法在大脑全尺度距离范围之内，通过不断增加阈值，运用Rips过滤算法捕获网络的动态持续拓扑特征，并用条形码和持续图对拓扑特征可视化，最后通过计算持续图之间的Bottleneck距离和Wasserstein距离分析持续特征的稳定性。实验结果表明，该方法能更准确地提取大脑网络的拓扑结构特征并提高诊断分类的准确性。